Criteria are principles or standards by which something may be judged or decided. A rating criterion is the basis, point of reference, standard, norm, yardstick, benchmark, or touchstone, figuratively speaking. Criteria are based on a test, formula, measure, gauge, scale, barometer, indicator, like a litmus test. Criteria require specifications, guidelines, rules, or even laws and convention.
Austria’s Financial Market Authority (FMA) warns consumers against “greenwashing” in the new edition of their consumer information series “Let’s talk about money”. “Greenwashing” means that a financial product is advertised as environmentally friendly, green or […]
Many western states do not give China a good role model for further developing the political system. All leading rating agencies – FitchRatings, S&P, DBRS Morningstar – give the People’s Republic of China a credit […]
Understanding the importance of sustainability has popularized an asset class that used to be reserved for the state, churches and nobles. Forest – to be precise its wood – has always served people as fuel, […]
The rise of China was certainly the biggest “game changer” of the globalization years. This blog article is a short excerpt from Country Risk – The Bane of Foreign Investors (Springer, 2020) by Norbert Gaillard. […]
there are minimum requirements for recognized non-profit organizations. But can their efficiency and effectiveness also be rated? At effektiv-spenden.org Sebastian Schwiecker, founder and managing director of UES – Gemeinnützige Unternehmergesellschaft (haftungsbeschränkt) für effektives Spenden, tries […]
The COVID-19 pandemic has profoundly affected the lives of countless people around the world, with women being the hardest hit. Not only because they have a higher risk of COVID-19 infection due to their work […]
Vectron Systems AG (Vectron), a leading provider of intelligent, digitized cash register systems consisting of hardware, software and cloud services, with a focus on the gastronomy and bakery sectors, has created itself a better position […]
The Artprice Report, covering 20 years of Contemporary Art auction history, is a basis for understanding why evidence-based “art rating” is more important and urgent today than ever before. The complexity and global nature of […]
Moody’s “General Principles for Assessing Environmental, Social and Governance Risks” relate to issues which may have greater downside risk than upside potential for rated issuers. The introduction of these principles is perceived by many issuers […]
The Berlin-based Deutsche Fachmarkt AG (DEFAMA) invests specifically in small retail properties in small and medium-sized cities, predominantly in northern and eastern Germany. The most important purchase criteria are two or more chain stores with […]
Moody’s analysts have revised their environmental classification to reflect evolving environmental, social and governance standards, disclosure frameworks and market conventions among issuers and investors. Environmental risks can arise from regulatory and policy issues, hazards or […]
Real estate remains the most popular form of investment among Germans. In times of volatile stock markets, a real estate investment is still seen by many private investors as a secure return opportunity. However, not […]
The corona pandemic is far from over. This is especially true if you do not look at it from a purely medical point of view, but also from the perspective of the social and economic […]
The German Federal Financial Supervisory Authority (Bundesanstalt für Finanzdienstleistungsaufsicht – BaFin) provides some insights into what kind of data is used to establish a bank management board member’s reputation rating in its Guidance Notice on […]
Under the umbrella of the Auditing Association of German Banks, GBB-Rating Gesellschaft für Bonitätsbeurteil mbH (hereinafter referred to as “GBB-Rating”) provides long-term credit ratings of leasing companies. GBB-Rating has published criteria for the rating of leasing companies in German […]
Credit ratings play an important role for airports and their operators, since in most cases the capital requirements for airports can only be met when bonds are issued. Ratings are used to assess airport liabilities […]
Stock instruments issued or to be issued and / or traded on certain stock markets may be the subject of ratings. Stock ratings reflect the risks associated with the creditworthiness of the issuer and the […]
Credit risk is a function of an issuer’s probability of default and the loss given default on a specific debt instrument. For noninvestment grade corporate issuers, some rating agencies assign separate ratings for these two […]
What constitutes future-oriented residential areas? The answer is complex and can not be answered in a general or even complete manner for all residential real estate between Norderney and Berchtesgaden. A recent study searched for […]
“There is no recognizable path ahead of us, but only behind us,” writes Gabi Steiner in her book “From Person to Person – Earning a Stable Income From Referral Marketing“. Any rating of the future […]
